Emergency CANCER

Which belong to the emergency cancer are : 

1. Cardiac tamponade
2. Pleural effusion
3. Superior vena cava syndrome
4. Emphasis spine syndrome
5. Hipercalemic syndrome

Cardiac Tamponade

Is a collection of fluid in the pericardium (sack pericardium, pericardial pouch), which led to en emphasis on the hearth and hearth pumping ability.

The collection of fluid occurs when the cancer infiltrated the pericardium and cause irritation. Cancer is most likely to infiltrate into the pericardium is lung cancer, breast and lymphoma.

Sudden cardiac tamponade occurs when fluid collect so much so that the heart can not beat normally. Before the onset of tamponade, patients usually feel vague pain or pressure in the chest, which will get worse when lying down and will get better when sitting upright.

Patients experiencing severe respiratory problems and during inhalation, the veins in the neck to swell.

Diagnosis based on :

• Chest X-ray
• ECG
• Echocardiogram

To reduce the pressure, the needle is inserted into the bag pericardium and fluid removed with the help of a syringe. This procedure is called pericardiosintesis. Example of fluid examined under a microscope to see if the fluid contains cancer cells. Subsequently made an incision in the pericardium to prevent recurrence of tamponade.

Other treatment depends on the type of cancer that occurs.

Pleura Effusion

Is a collection of fluid in the sacsurrounding the lungs (pleural bag), which can cause shortness of breath.

The colecction of pleural fluid in the bag can be caused by many things, one of which is cancer.

The remove the fluid, the needle is inserted between the ribs into procedure the liquid quickly began to accumulate again, will put the hose through the chest wall into the pleural pouch. which will remain installed her until the situation improves patient.

Special chemical can be inserted into the pleural pouch to irritate the walls and cause the second layer of bag attached to each other. This will eliminate the cavity where the collected and reduce the likelihood of recurrence of pleural effusion.

Syndrome Superior Vena Cava

Superior vena cava syndrome occurs when the cancer blocking part or all of the veins (superior vena cava), which drain blood from your upper body into the heart.

Blockage  of the superior vana cava causes the veins in the upper  chest and neck to swell, causing swelling in the face, neck and upper chest.

Emphasis Spine Syndrome

Emphasis on the spine syndrome occurs when the cancer hit the spine or spinal nerves, causing pain and loss of function.

The longer the patients experiences neurological disorder, the less likely  the return of normal nerve function. Usually the treatment will give best results if done within 12-24 hour after onset of symptoms.

Given corticosteroids (eg. prednisone) intravenously to reduce swelling and radiation therapy.

If the cause is unknown the surgery will help correct diagnosis and treat this situation as it allows the surgeon to reduce the pressure on the spinal cord.

Hipercalemic Syndrome

Hipercalemic Syndrome occurs when the cancer produces a hormone which increases blood calcium levels or hormones that directly affect the bone.

Patients are confused, which can progress to coma and death.

Various kind of drugs can reduce the levels of calcium.

Posted in: cancer